ftpasswd: tool for ProFTPD's AuthUserFile, AuthGroupFile, UserPasswordAuthUserFile and AuthGroupFile
configuration directives.  It can also generate password hashes for ProFTPD's
UserPassword directive.
The most current version of ftpasswd can be found at:
http://www.castaglia.org/proftpd/
Please contact TJ Saunders <tj at castaglia.org> with any questions, concerns, or suggestions regarding this program.
ftpasswd tool.
The options supported are described in more detail
later.
This script is intended to replace the genuser.pl script that
is currently distributed with proftpd.  That script can
generate DES-hashed passwords, suitable for use with the UserPassword
configuration directive, but it is not quite right for
AuthUserFiles.  Another common mistake is to use the
htpasswd program from Apache to create files for
proftpd.  Apache and ProFTPD both have the same
AuthUserFile and AuthGroupFile directives; the format
of the files used by each server is different.
Creating Files
The ftpasswd program can create and update files for both
AuthUserFile and AuthGroupFile.  When it is used
for the first time, the program will create the necessary file.  If that
file already exists, ftpasswd will update it with the new
information.
ftpasswd must first know what type of file to create.  Use either
the --passwd option (for handling AuthUserFiles), or
the --group option (for handling AuthGroupFiles);
this is required.
When creating an AuthUserFile, the following options are also
required: --name, --uid, --home, and
--shell.  This information is required by proftpd to
authenticate a user.  The optional parameters for an AuthUserFile
include --gid (defaults to the given --uid argument
when not provided) and --gecos (not used by proftpd
at all).  For example:
ftpasswd --passwd --name=bob --uid=1001 --home=/home/bob --shell=/bin/falsecreates an account for user
bob.  To create a file with a name or
location other than the default (which, for --passwd mode is
ftpd.passwd), use the --file option.  For example, to create the alternate password file in /usr/local/etc/ftpd/passwd:
  ftpasswd --passwd --file=/usr/local/etc/ftpd/passwd --name=bob --uid=1001 --home=/home/bob \
    --shell=/bin/false
For AuthGroupFiles, use --group:
  ftpasswd --group --name=group-name --gid=group-id --member=user-member1  \
    --member=user-member2 ... --member=user-memberN
The most common change to these files is made to AuthUserFiles, to
change a user's password.  The --change-password option was
provided just for this scenario:
ftpasswd --passwd --name=user --change-password
Creating Hashes
A less common need is to generate a password hash for some user, to be used
in a UserPassword directive in the proftpd.conf.
One could generate a file using --passwd and then extract the
password hash from the file.  Easier, though, is to use ftpasswd's
--hash option:
ftpasswd --hashThe password will either be prompted for, or it can be given on standard in using
--stdin.
Automated Use
The ftpasswd provides a useful command-line interface to
interacting with the authentication files.  Many sites would like to be able
to remotely manipulate these files, just as ftpasswd does, only
using a web-based mechanism, perhaps even providing a page to users to change
their passwords, instead of requiring use of a shell.  Wrapping a shell
or Perl script around ftpasswd is the logical solution.
To aid such automated wrapper scripts, ftpasswd has two features:
its return value, and a specific option.  The program returns 0 if the
requested change was successful, and 1 if there was an error (no such
user/group, password matched system password and the
--not-system-password option was used, etc.).  The specific
option is --stdin: this allows scripts to provide a password to
ftpasswd without prompting for a password.  For example:
echo passwd-variable | ftpasswd opts --stdinNote that the
--stdin option does not allow passwords to
be passed to the script on the command line, but on stdin.  This
is done as a security measure: the standard Unix ps command can
be used to show all the processes running on a system including their
command line parameters.  This means that any user could use
ps to watch passwords given to ftpasswd, if those
passwords were to be passed on the command line.  Some operating systems
(e.g. FreeBSD) allow the sysadmin to prevent users from seeing all
processes in this manner; consult your operating system documentation for
more information.
There are other issues that arise when using AuthUserFiles.
This document discusses these issues in greater detail.
ftpasswd --help:
usage: ftpasswd [--help] [--hash|--group|--passwd]
  REQUIRED: --passwd, --group, or --hash.  These specify whether ftpasswd is to
  operate on a passwd(5) format file, on a group(5) format file, or simply
  to generate a password hash, respectively.
  If used with --passwd, ftpasswd creates a file in the passwd(5) format,
  suitable for use with proftpd's AuthUserFile configuration directive.
  You will be prompted for the password to use of the user, which will be
  encrypted, and written out as the encrypted string.  New entries are
  appended to the file by default.
 
  By default, using --passwd will write output to "./ftpd.passwd".
  Error exit values:
  To make it easier for wrapper scripts to interact with ftpasswd, ftpasswd
  will exit with the following error values for the reasons described:
    1       no such user
    2       password matches current password
    4       password matches system password
    8       relative path given for home directory
  Options:
    --file      Write output to specified file, rather than "./ftpd.passwd"
    -F          If the file to be used already exists, delete it and write a
    --force     new one.  By default, new entries will be appended to the file.
    --gecos     Descriptive string for the given user (usually the user's
                full name).
    --gid       Primary group ID for this user (optional, will default to
                given --uid value if absent)
    -h          Displays this message
    --help
    --home      Home directory for the user (required)
    --des       Use the DES algorithm for encrypting passwords.  The default
                is the MD5 algorithm.
    --md5       Use the MD5 algorithm for encrypting passwords.  This is the
                default.
    --name      Name of the user account (required).  If the name does not
                exist in the specified output-file, an entry will be created
                for her.  Otherwise, the given fields will be updated.
    --shell     Shell for the user (required).  Recommended: /bin/false
    --uid       Numerical user ID (required)
    --change-password
                Update only the password field for a user.  This option
                requires that the --name and --passwd options be used, but no
                others.  This also double-checks the given password against
                the user's current password in the existing passwd file, and
                requests that a new password be given if the entered password
                is the same as the current password.
    --delete-user
 
                Remove the entry for the given user name from the file.
    --not-previous-password
                Double-checks the given password against the previous password
                for the user, and requests that a new password be given if
                the entered password is the same as the previous password.
    --not-system-password
                Double-checks the given password against the system password
                for the user, and requests that a new password be given if
                the entered password is the same as the system password.  This
                helps to enforce different passwords for different types of
                access.
    --stdin
                Read the password directly from standard in rather than
                prompting for it.  This is useful for writing scripts that
                automate use of ftpasswd.
    --use-cracklib
                Causes ftpasswd to use Alec Muffet's cracklib routines in
                order to determine and prevent the use of bad or weak
                passwords.  The optional path to this option specifies
                the path to the dictionary files to use -- default path
                is "/usr/lib/cracklib_dict".  This requires the Perl
                Crypt::Cracklib module to be installed on your system.
    --version
                Displays the version of ftpasswd.
  If used with --group, ftpasswd creates a file in the group(5) format,
  suitable for use with proftpd's AuthGroupFile configuration directive.
  By default, using --group will write output to "./ftpd.group".
  Options:
    --delete-group
                Remove the entry for the given group name from the file.
    --enable-group-passwd
                Prompt for a group password.  This is disabled by default,
                as group passwords are not usually a good idea at all.
    --file      Write output to specified file, rather than "./ftpd.group"
    -F          If the file be used already exists, delete it and write a new
    --force     one.  By default, new entries will be appended to the file.
    --gid       Numerical group ID (required)
    -h
    --help      Displays this message
    -m
    --member    User to be a member of the group.  This argument may be used
                multiple times to specify the full list of users to be members
                of this group.
    --des       Use the DES algorithm for encrypting passwords.  The default
                is the MD5 algorithm.
    --md5       Use the MD5 algorithm for encrypting passwords.  This is the
                default.
    --name      Name of the group (required).  If the name does not exist in
                the specified output-file, an entry will be created for them.
                Otherwise, the given fields will be updated.
    --stdin
                Read the password directly from standard in rather than
                prompting for it.  This is useful for writing scripts that
                automate use of ftpasswd.
    --use-cracklib
                Causes ftpasswd to use Alec Muffet's cracklib routines in
                order to determine and prevent the use of bad or weak
                passwords.  The optional path to this option specifies
                the path to the dictionary files to use -- default path
                is "/usr/lib/cracklib_dict".  This requires the Perl
                Crypt::Cracklib module to be installed on your system.
    --version
                Displays the version of ftpasswd.
  If used with --hash, ftpasswd generates a hash of a password, as would
  appear in an AuthUserFile.  The hash is written to standard out.
  This hash is suitable for use with proftpd's UserPassword directive.
  Options:
    --des       Use the DES algorithm for encrypting passwords.  The default
                is the MD5 algorithm.
    --md5       Use the MD5 algorithm for encrypting passwords.  This is the
                default.
    --stdin
                Read the password directly from standard in rather than
                prompting for it.  This is useful for writing scripts that
                automate use of ftpasswd.
    --use-cracklib
                Causes ftpasswd to use Alec Muffet's cracklib routines in
                order to determine and prevent the use of bad or weak
                passwords.  The optional path to this option specifies
                the path to the dictionary files to use -- default path
                is "/usr/lib/cracklib_dict".  This requires the Perl
                Crypt::Cracklib module to be installed on your system.