7. Pws kanw ayto h ma8ainw pws...

7.1 Pws mporw na exw kulish pros ta pisw se mh grafiko periballon;

Me thn ej' orismou Amerikanikh (US) diatajh plhktrologioy mporeite na xrhsimopoihsete to Shift me ta PageUp kai PageDown plhktra. (Shm: Ayta prepei na einai ta gkri, oxi ayta toy ari8mhtikou plhktrologioy). Me alles diatajeis plhktrologioy, elegjte tis antistoixies sto /usr/lib/keytables mporeite na epanaprosdiorisete ta plhktra "kulish epanw" kai "kulish katw" na einai opoia 8elete, gia paradeigma, wste na ta epanaprosdiorisete se plhktra ta opoia yparxoyn se ena plhktrologio AT 84 plhktrwn. * Den mporeite na ayjhsete to poso keimeno 8a krateitai gia thn kulish ej aitias toy tropoy ylopoihshs, xrhsimopoiwntas thn mnhmh o8onhs gia na apo8hkey8ei perasmeno keimeno, wstoso isws na mporeite na exete perissoterh apo8hkeysh se ka8e eikoniko termatiko meiwnontas ton oliko ari8mo twn eikonikwn termatikwn, deite to <linux/tty.h>.

7.2 Pws enallassw eikonika termatika ; Pws ta energopoiw;

Se mh grafiko periballon, pieste Aristero Alt-F1 ews Alt-F12 gia na epilejete ta eikonika termatika (E.T.) tty1 ews tty12, Deji Alt-F1 dinei to tty13 kai outw ka8' ejhs. Gia thn enallagh sta X windows prepei na piesete Ctrl-Alt-F1 k.o.k. Alt-F5 h o,tidhpote allo 8a sas gyrisei pisw. An 8elete na xrhsimopoihsete ena E.T. gia kanonikh prosbash prepei na to symperilabete sto /etc/inittab, to opoio elegxei poia termatika kai E.T. exoyn dynatothta prosbashs. Shm: Ta X xreiazontai toylaxiston ena E.T. gia na jekinhsoyn. Pyrhnes (kernels) prin ton 1.1.59 exoyn ena enswmatwmeno orio ston ari8mo twn E.T., to opoio ej' orismou einai 8. Deite to NR_CONSOLES sto linux/include/linux/tty.h. Newteroi pyrhnes toys energopoioun dynamika, ews 63 poy einai kai o megistos ari8mos.

7.3 Pws orizw thn zwnh wras;

Phgainete ston katalogo (directory) /usr/lib/zoneinfo an den exete ayton ton katalogo 8a xreiasteite to timezone. O kwdikas brisketai sto sunsite.unc.edu sto /pub/Linux/system/Admin/timesrc-1.2.tar.gz. Kante mia symbolikh sundesh (symbolic link) me onoma localtime se ena apo ta arxeia se ayton ton katalogo (h ypokatalogo), kai allh mia me onoma posixrules sto arxeio localtime. Gia paradeigma:

   ln -sf US/Mountain localtime
   ln -sf localtime posixrules

7.4 Ti ekdosh (version) toy Linux kai ti onoma mhxanhmatos xrhsimopoiw;

Plhktrologhste:

   uname -a

7.5 Pws mporw na energopoihsw h na apenergopoihsw ta mhnumata sfalmatos toy leitoyrgikou; (core dumps)

To Linux twra exei ej' orismou apenergopoihmena ta corefiles gia oles tis ergasies (processes). Mporeite na ta energopoihsete h na ta apenergopoihsete xrhsimopoiwntas thn entolh ulimit sto bash, thn limit sto tcsh, h thn rlimit sto ksh. Deite tis selides boh8eias gia to kelyfos (shell) gia perissoteres plhrofories. H entolh ephreazei mono ola ta programmata poy ektelountai apo ayto to kelyfos (amesa h emmesa), oxi olo to susthma. An 8elete na energopoihsete h na apenergopoihsete to coredumping gia oles tis ergasies ej' orismou, mporeite na allajete thn proepilegmenh ru8mish (default setting) sto <linux/sched.h> - deite ton orismo toy INIT_TASK, kai epishs deite sto <linux/resource.h>. O pyrhnas 1.2.13 8a paragei a.out core dumps [E8.2 `Ti einai ayta gia to ELF ;'].

7.6 Pws anaba8mizw /anametaglwttizw ton pyrhna;

Deite to Kernel HOWTO h to arxeio README to opoio anaferetai sthn ekdosh toy pyrhna sto ftp.cs.helsinki.fi, in /pub/Software/Linux/Kernel kai sta and mirrors [E2.5 `Where can I get Linux material by FTP ?']. Mporei na exete hdh mia ekdosh toy kwdika toy pyrhna egkatesthmenh sto susthma sas, alla an ton phrate ws meros mias dianomhs (standard distribution) einai pi8ano na einai ligo aparxaiwmenos. (Ayto den einai problhma an 8elete mono ena pyrhna ry8mismeno gia tis anagkes sas (custom-configured), alla isws na einai an 8elete na ton anaba8misete.) 8ymh8eite oti gia na anagkasete ton neo pyrhna na jekinhsei prepei na trejete to LILO meta poy 8a antigracete ton pyrhna sto root partition -- to Makefile se prosfatoys pyrhnes exei ena eidiko zlilo stoxo (target) gi' ayto plhktrologhste make zlilo. Ekdoseis pyrhna me monh ypoekdosh (minor version) (p.x., 1.1.x, 1.3.x) einai oi dokimastikes ekdoseis oi sta8eroi pyrhnes paragwghs exoyn zygh ypoekdosh (1.0.x, 1.2.x). An 8elete na dokimasete toys dokimastikous pyrhnes, 8a prepei mallon na eggrafeite sthn linux-kernel lista (mailing list) [E2.8 `What mailing lists are there ?']. O Russel Nelson stelnei perilhceis apo to ti allages se prosfatoys pyrhnes exoyn ginei sto comp.os.linux.development, kai aytes einai sygkentrwmenes sto ftp.emlist.com in /pub/kchanges.

7.7 Mporw na exw panw apo 3 seiriakes 8ures, me diamoirazomenes aithseis diakopwn;

Nai, alla mallon den 8a mporeite na xrhsimopoihsete taytoxronws duo synh8ismenes 8ures oi opoies moirazontai mia aithsh diakophs (xwris kapoia kolpa). Aytos einai enas periorismos ths arxitektonikhs diauloy ISA. Deite to Serial HOWTO gia plhrofories sxetika me pi8anes luseis kai tropoys parakamchs toy problhmatos aytou.

7.8 Pws dhmioyrgw mia disketa ekkinhshs;

Ftiajte ena susthma arxeiwn (filesystem) se ayth me toys katalogoys bin, etc, lib kai dev -- ola osa xreiazeste. Egkatasthste ena pyrhna se aythn kai kanoniste na balete to LILO na ton jekinhsei apo th disketa. (deite thn tekmhriwsh (dosumentation) toy LILO, sto lilo.u.*.ps). An ftiajete ton pyrhna (h peite sto LILO na pei ston pyrhna) na exei ena disko sth mnhmh (ramdisk) toy idioy mege8oys opws h disketa, o diskos mnhmhs 8a fortw8ei kata thn ekkinhsh kai 8a xrhsimopoih8ei (mounted ??) ** ws root anti gia th disketa. Deite to Bootdisk HOWTO.

7.9 Pws epanaprosdiorizw to plhktrologio moy se Aggliko, Galliko klp.;

Gia prosfatoys pyrhnes, parte to /pub/Linux/system/Keyboards/kbd-0.90.tar.gz apo to sunsite.unc.edu. Sigoyreyteite oti phrate thn swsth ekdosh prepei na xrhsimopoihsete thn swsth diatajh plhktrologioy poy na tairiazei me ton pyrhna sas. H ekdosh 0.90 prepei na doyleuei me pyrhnes apo 1.0 kai panw. Gia palaioteroys pyrhnes prepei na epejergasteite to panw-panw Makefile gia ton pyrhna (top-level kernel Makefile), sto /usr/src/linux. Mporeite na breite perissoteres plhrofories sto Keystroke HOWTO, sto sunsite.unc.edu to /pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/Keystroke-HOWTO.

7.10 Pws mporw na exw to lampaki NUM LOCK na einai anammeno ej' orismou ;

Xrhsimopoihste to programma setleds, gia paradeigma (sto /etc/rc.local h ena ap' ta /etc/rc.d/* arxeia):

   for t in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
   do
        setleds +num < /dev/tty$t > /dev/null
   done

7.11 Pws mporw na exw panw apo 128Mb proswrinou xwroy enallaghs (swap);

Xrhsimopoihste polles swap partitions ws arxeia enallaghs (swapfiles) - To Linux yposthrizei mexri 16 perioxes enallaghs, h ka8e mia mexri 128Mb. Polu palioi pyrhnes yposthrizan mono perioxes *** antallaghs mexri 16Mb.