LINUX ¼Ò²Õ¦w¸Ë MINI-HOWTO                     
                                       
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     * ¥»¤å¥óªº¥Øªº
     * ĵ§i
     * ¥ý¨M­n¯À
     * °w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ­«·s½sĶ ®Ö¤ß
     * °w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ³]©w Debian ©Î  RedHat
     * °w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ³]©w Slackware
     * °w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ³]©w¨ä¥¦µo¦æ®M¥ó
     * ª©Åv©M¦Xªk©Ê        
   
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¥»¤å¥óªº¥Øªº    

   
   
   §Ú¹ï Linux ©M¼Ò²Õ[modules]ªº¸gÅç¤@ª½¬O, ²{¦³ªº¤å¥ó¤£¯à´£¨Ñ¥O¤Hº¡·Nªº   
   ¸Ñ»¡, ­n¦p¦ó¦¨¥\¦a³]©w¼Ò²Õ¦Ó¸Ë¦n Linux ¨Ã¯à¥¿±`¹B§@. ¥»¤å¥óªº¸Ñ»¡¨BÆJ
   ¤w¸g¦¨¥\¦a³Q¨Ï¥Î¤F¦n´X¹M¤F, ¥]¬A¦b§Ú¦Û¤vªº¨t²Î¥H¤Î³q¹L Internet«ü¾É¬Y
   ¤H¥h³]ªk¨ú±o¬Y¨Ç¤èªk, ¯à­n¨D¶È´£¨Ñ¼Ò²Õ§Î¦¡ªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¥H«K¯à¹B§@.
   
   
   §Ú¦Û¤vªº¨t²Î¬O¶] Linux ªº RedHat 4.1 µo¦æ®M¥ó, ¦Ó¥B¥¦¬O¦b§Úµo®iªº³o®M
   ¨BÆJ¤U«Ø¥ß°_¨Óªº. ¦Û±q¨º¦¸¤§«á,§Ú¤]¤w¦¨¥\¦a§â¥¦¦w¸Ë¦b¶]¦U¼Ë Slackware 
   µo¦æ®M¥óªº¨t²Î, ¤Î¤@ºØ Debian µo¦æ®M¥óªº¨t²Î, ¦Ó¥B©Ò»Ý­n¨BÆJ·|¦b³oùØ
   °w¹ï³o¤TÃþ(µo¦æ®M¥ó)¥¿½T¦a³]©w¼Ò²Õ´£¥X»¡©ú.
   
   
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ĵ§i   

   
   
   §Ú³Ìªñ¦³¥Î¬Û¦Pªº¨BÆJ¦b RedHat 4.2 ¤W, ¦ý¦b¤@¼Ëªº¨t²Î¤W¥X²{¤£¤@¼Ëªºµ²ªG.
   §Ú¨ì²{¦bÁÙ¥¼§ä¥X¬O¨º¬O¤°»ò°ÝÃD, ©Ò¥H¤£¯à°µ¥ô¦ó«OÃÒ,³o¼Ë¥Î¬O§_¤@©w¯à¦b§A
   ªº¨t²Î¤W¹B§@.
   
   
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¥ý¨M­n¯À   

   
       
       
     * ¦b¨Ï¥Î¥»¤å¥óªº¨BÆJ¤§«e, ŪªÌ '¥²¶·' ¤w°µ¤F Linux ¦w¸Ë¤u§@, ¦Ó¥B¨ú
       ±o¦¨¬° root ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¨­¤Àªº Linux ´£¥Ü²Å¸¹¤U, ¦]¬°¤j³¡¤À²o§è¨ìªº¨BÆJ
       ¥u¯à¥Ñ³o©Ò»¡ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¤~¯à¶i¦æ.
       
       
     * ¥Ø«e¦s¦bªº®Ö¤ß¥i¥H½sĶ¦¨¨Ï¥Î¼Ò²Õ©Î¤£¨Ï¥Î¼Ò²Õ, ¬Æ¦Ü¯à¦b¶}¾÷¹Lµ{¨q¥X
       ¿ù»~°T®§, °²­Yµo¥Í¤W­z±¡ªp, ¨º¬O¦]¬°©Ò³]©wªº¼Ò²Õ¦b¨º®É(¶}¾÷®É)µLªk
       ¨ú±oªº½t¬G.

       
     * ¥Ø«e®Ö¤ßªº­ì©l¾ð[source tree]°²³]¬O¥i§ä¨ì¨äÂ\¦b /usr/src/linux
       ¦Ó¥B¤]°²³]¸Ó¥Ø¿ý¬O¥»¤å¥ó¥þ³¡¤¤,¥ô¦ó³sÄò©R¥O¶}©l©Ò¦bªº¥Ø«e¥Ø¿ý.
       
   
   
   
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½sĶ¥[³t

   
   
   ¦pªG§Aªº¾÷¾¹¦³ 16 Megabytes ©Î¥H¤Wªº RAM, ¨º»ò¦³­Ó¦³¥Î¥[³t¥i¥H¥Î, ¥¦
   ¤¹³\®Ö¤ß¥­¦æ½sĶ¨â­Ó¥H¤Wªº¼Ò²Õ. ·í®Ö¤ß¦b½sĶ®É,³o±N·|¼W¥[¾÷¾¹­t¸ü, ¦ý
   ·|´î¤Ö½sĶ®É©Òªá¶Oªº®É¶¡.
   
   ¦b§A¯à¨Ï¥Î³o¤èªk«e, §A»Ý­nÀˬd§Aªº¾÷¾¹¤W¦s¦³ªº RAM ¦³¦h¤Ö, ¦pªG§A³o­Ó
   ³]±o¤Ó°ª, ½sĶ¹ê»Ú¤W·|ºC¤U¨Ó. ¸gÅçÅã¥Ü³Ì¨Î­È¤D¬O®Ú¾Ú¤U¦C¤½¦¡»P§A¨t²Î
   ªº RAM ¦h¤Ö¦³Ãö, ¦Ü¤Ö¹ï¦³ 32 Megabytes RAM ªº¨t²Î¬OÁÙÆZ¦X²zªº, ÁöµM¥¦
   ¹ï¦³¤j¶q RAM ªº¨t²Î¬O¦³ÂI«O¦u:
   
   N = [RAM in Megabytes] / 8 + 1
   
   ¹ï¨º¨Ç°Q¹½¼Æ¾Çªº¤H­n¦³ÂIÀ°§U, ¥i¬Ý¤U­± RAM ±`¥Îªº¼Æ¶q©Ò¬ÛÀ³ªº¼Æ­È:
   
   RAM ¤j¤p­È­Y¨Ï¥Î 16  Megs ¬O 3 , 24  Megs ¬O 4 , 32  Megs ¬O 6 ,
   40  Megs ¬O 6 , 48  Megs ¬O 7 , 56  Megs ¬O 8 , 64  Megs ¬O 9 ,
   80  Megs ¬O 11, 96  Megs ¬O 13, 112  Megs ¬O 15 ,128  Megs ¬O 17 , 
   
   ·í§A¤w¨M©w¥¿½Tªº­È, ½s¿èÀÉ®× /usr/src/linux/Makefile ¦Ó¥B§ä¨ì³o¼Ë¤@¦æ:
   
   

   MAKE=make


   
   
   ¨ú¥N¥¦¥H:
   
   

   MAKE=make -j N


   ¨ä¤¤ªº N ¬O¤W­±¨M¥Xªº¼Æ­È.
   
   
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°w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ­«·s½sĶ ®Ö¤ß     

   
   
   °£¤F³]¸m[mounted]¦¨ root ªºÀɮרt²Î(¨ä¤j³¡¤À±¡ªp³£¬O ext2 ªºÀɮרt²Î)
   ¤£¯à³]¦¨¼Ò²Õ¥~, ¨ä¥L¨C­ÓªF¦è³£¯à­«·s³]©w®Ö¤ß½s¦¨¼Ò²Õ¨Ó¨Ï¥Î.
   
   µM¦Ó,¦³¬Y¨Ç¶µ¥Ø¦b§¹¥þ¦a¬[³]¦¨¼Ò²Õ®É·|¥X²{§xÃø, ©Ò¥H§Ú«Øij¥H¤UªF¦è½s¤J
   ®Ö¤ß·|¦n¨Ç:
   
       
       
     * Ethernet µwÅéÅX°Êµ{¦¡.
       
       
     * SCSI CD-ROM ÅX°Êµ{¦¡.
       
   
   
   ¬Û¤Ï¦a, ¦³¬Y¨ÇÅX°Êµ{¦¡²Õ¦X¥u¾A¦X½s¦¨¼Ò²Õ, ¯S§O¬O¤U­±¤¤¦³¨â­Ó¥H¤Wªº²Õ¦X:
   
       
       
     * ¥­¦æ°ð¦Lªí¾÷A Parallel Printer,
       
       
     * ¥­¦æ°ðªº³]³Æ, ¹³¬O IOMEGA ZipDrive ©Î JazzDrive ©Î ­I±µ¦¡[BackPack]

       CD-ROM drive, ¥H¤Î
       
       
       
     * PLIP Daemon.
       
   
   
   §A·|»Ý­n¨M©w­þ¨Ç¬O§A­n½sĶ¨ì®Ö¤ß, ¤S­þ¨Ç­n¼Ò²Õ, ¦ýÀ³±N¤W­±´XÂI¦C¤J¦Ò¼{.
   ¥H¤U­±¦¸§Çªº«ü¥O¨Ó¶i¦æ, ¦b½sĶ¹Lµ{, ¯u¥¿ªº¿ï¾Ü´N¨M©w¤F:
   
   

   cd /usr/src/linux
   make menuconfig
   make dep clean modules modules_install zImage


   
   
   ¤w¸g°µ§¹¦¨¤F, ¦Ó¼Ò²Õªº¬ÛÃö©Ê[dependencies]»Ý­nø¥X[mapped out], ³o­n
   ¤U­Ó³o¼Ëªº©R¥O:
   
   

   depmod -a


   
   
   ³Ì·sªº®Ö¤ß²{¦b»Ý­n³Q´¡¨ì¶}¾÷Ãì[boot chain]¤¤, §Ú°²³]ŪªÌ¬°¤F(¤U­±)³o­Ó
   ¥Øªº¨Ï¥Î LILO, ¦]¬°³o¬O§Ú¸I¹L°ß¤@ªº¶}¾÷¸ü¤J¾¹[loader].
   
   §Ú«Øij ¤£­n ±q¦Û°Ê¦a´N´¡¤J³Ì·s½sĶ¦nªº®Ö¤ß¦¨¬°¤º©wªº Linux ®Ö¤ß, ¦]¬°
   ¦pªG¥¦¥¢±Ñ, ¨º»ò­n«ì´_¬[³]¦nªº Linux, ¤S¤£°µ§¹¥þ­«·sªº¦w¸Ë¬O«D±`§xÃø,
   ¦Ó­«·s¦w¸Ë¨Ã¤£«Øij. °ò©ó³o²z¥Ñ, §Ú¦b§Úªº /etc/lilo.conf ÀÉ®×·|¥[¤U¦C¶µ  
   ¥Ø:
   
   

   image=/usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/zImage
      label=new
      alias=n
      read-only
      vga=ask
      optional


   
   
   ³o¶µ¥Ø»¡¦³­Ó ¥i¿ï¾Ü©Ê ªº¶}¾÷±Ò°Ê¿ï¶µ (¦pªG§Ú­Ì©Ò°Q½×¤¤ªº image ¤£¦s¦b,
   ¨º»ò±N·|©¿²¤) , ­Y¥i¿ï¾Üªº, ¨ä¶}¾÷¶}±Ò /boot/newlinux ,¦Ó¥B¤¹³\§^¤H¦b
   ¥¦¶}¾÷¶i¤JªºÅã¥Ü¼Ò¦¡¤U¨Ó¿ï¾Ü.
   
   °²³]¤W­±¦b /etc/lilo.conf ¦s¦bªº¶µ¥Ø, ·sª©ªº®Ö¤ß¤w¸g¥¿½TªºÂ\¦b½sĶ²×¤F
   ©Ò¦b³B, ¨º»ò¥i¥H¥Î¤U¦C©R¥O¨Ó¦w¸Ë:
   
   

   lilo


   
   
   ¤w¸g°µ§¹¤F¨º¨Ç, ŪªÌ»Ý­n±µµÛ¶i¤@¨B¨BÆJ,³o»P¥¦­Ì©Ò³Q¿ï¾Üªºµo¦æ®M¥ó¦³Ãö,
   ¦p¤U:
   
     * °w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ³]©w Debian ©Î  RedHat
     * °w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ³]©w Slackware
     * °w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ³]©w¨ä¥¦µo¦æ®M¥ó  
       
   
   
   
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°w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ³]©w Debian ©Î  RedHat   

   
   
   ¦b³oùØ©Ò¦C¨BÆJ§¹¦¨¤§«e, "°w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ­«·s½sĶ ®Ö¤ß" ©Ò¦C¨BÆJ³£°²³]
   §A¤w¸g§¹¦¨¤F.
   
   Debian ©M RedHat µo¦æ®M¥ó¦³¤@¼Ëªº¶}¾÷±Ò°Êµ{§Ç, ©Ò¥H¤]¦³¤@¼Ëªº¨BÆJ¨Ó
   ³]©w¥L­Ìªº ¼Ò²Õ.
   
       
    1. ¤w¸g¥H root ¨­¤Àµn¤J, ¨Ï¥Î§A³Ì³ß·Rªº¤å¦r½s¿è¾¹¨Ó¶}­Ó·sªºÀÉ®×¥s°µ
       _/etc/rc.d/init.d/modules.init_ , ¨Ã¥H¤U¦C¤º®e¥[¤J¨ì¨ºùØ.
       

   # Modules initialisation.
   #
   # Start up the module auto-loading daemon.
   /sbin/kerneld

   # Mount all currently unmounted auto-mounted partitions.
   /sbin/mount -a
   
       
    2. ¤w¸g«Ø¥ß¤W­zÀÉ®×, ·í¦³¥H root ¨­¤Àµn¤J, «ö·Ó¤U¦C¨BÆJ: 
       

   cd /etc/rc.d
   chmod 755 init.d/*
   cd rc3.d
   ln -s ../init.d/modules.init 05modules.init

   
   
   ³o®É¨t²Î¥i­«·s±Ò°Ê, ¦Ó¦b³o¹Lµ{¤¤, ·|³Qµo²{¼Ò²Õ¦³¹ý©³§¹¦¨¤F.
   
   
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°w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ³]©w Slackware  

   

   ¦b³oùØ©Ò¦C¨BÆJ§¹¦¨¤§«e, "°w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ­«·s½sĶ ®Ö¤ß" ©Ò¦C¨BÆJ³£°²³]
   §A¤w¸g§¹¦¨¤F.     
   
       
    1. ÀÉ®× _/etc/rc.d/rc.M_ »Ý­n½s¿è¦p¤U:
        
            
         1. ¤j¬ù¦b 18 ¦æ,¨º¦³­Ó¬q¸¨¤º®e¦p¤U:
            

   # Screen blanks after 15 minutes idle time.
   /bin/setterm -blank 15
        
            
            ºò±µ¦b³o¤§«á, ´¡¤J¤U­±³o¬q,§Y¨âÃ䥿±`ªºªÅ¥Õ¦æ¹j¶}ªº¤º®e:
            

   # Load the kernel module auto-loader.
   /sbin/kerneld
        
            
         2. ¦A©¹¤U¬ù 12 ¦æ¦p¤U¦C:
            

   # if there is no /etc/HOSTNAME, fall back on this default:
   
     
            ºò±µ¦b³o¤§«á, ´¡¤J¤U­±³o¬q,§Y¨âÃ䥿±`ªºªÅ¥Õ¦æ¹j¶}ªº¤º®e: 
            

   # Mount remaining unmounted auto-mount drives.
   /sbin/mount -a
   
       
       ·í³o¨ÇÅܧ󳣤w°µ¦n¤F, ´NÀx¦s³o­ÓÀÉ®×.
       
   
   
   ¹ï©ó Slackware ¨S¦³»Ý­n¦A¶i¤@¨Bªº­×§ï.
   
   
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°w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ³]©w¨ä¥¦µo¦æ®M¥ó  

   

   ¦b³oùØ©Ò¦C¨BÆJ§¹¦¨¤§«e, "°w¹ï ¼Ò²Õ ­«·s½sĶ ®Ö¤ß" ©Ò¦C¨BÆJ³£°²³]
   §A¤w¸g§¹¦¨¤F.    
   
   ¹ï©ó¨ä¥Lµo¦æ®M¥ó©ú½Tªº¨BÆJÁÙ¨S«Ü²M·¡, ¦ý¤j·§¬O«e­±©Ò´£¤§¤@. ¬°¤F¨M©w¬O
   ­þ¤@ºØ, ¨q¥X _/etc/rc.d_ ¥Ø¿ýªº¤º®e, ¦p¤U:
   

   cd /etc/rc.d
   ls -l *.d rc.*

   
   
   ¥Ñ³o­Ó¨q¥Xµ²ªG, §A¥i¥H¿ï¾Ü¥H¤U¤T­Ó¿ï¶µ¤§¤@:
   
       
    1. ¦pªG³o©Ò¦C¥X¨Óªº¥]§t¤@­Ó¥Ø¿ý¦WºÙ¥s _init.d_ ¦Ó¥B¬Y¨Ç¥Ø¿ý¦WºÙ¦³¸ò
       _rc?.d_ §k¦X, ¨ä¤¤ªº°Ý¸¹¬O­n¥Î¤@­Ó¼Æ¦rªº´À¥N, ¦Ó¥B _¨S¦³_ ¥]§tÀÉ
       ®×¥s _rc.M_, ¨º»òµo¦æ®M¥ó¥i¥H¥Î¤W­z©Ò¦C¥Î¦b Debian ©M RedHat µo
       ¦æ®M¥óªº¨BÆJ¨Ó³]©w¼Ò²Õ.
       
    2. ¦pªG³o©Ò¦C¥X¨Óªº¨S¦³¥]§t¤@­Ó¥Ø¿ý¦WºÙ¥s _init.d_ ¦ý¥]§t¤@­ÓÀɦW¥s
       _rc.M_ ¨º»ò¸Óµo¦æ®M¥ó¥i¥H¥Î¤W­z©Ò¦C¥Î¦b Slackware µo¦æ®M¥óªº¨BÆJ
       ¨Ó³]©w¼Ò²Õ.
       
    3. ¦pªG¤W­±¨â­Ó¿ï¶µ³£¨S§k¦X, ¨º»ò¸Óµo¦æ®M¥óªº¶}¾÷ script ¨Ã¨S¦³³Q¥»
       HOWTO ¤å¥ó©Ò²[»\¨ì. ¦b³o±¡ªp, Åwªï§A³sµ¸¥»¤å¥ó§@ªÌ´£¨Ñ«Ø¨¥.
       
   
   
   
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ª©Åv»P¨ä¥¦¦Xªk©Ê¨Æ¶µ

   
   
   ¥»¤å¥ó¬O³Q²[»\¦b GNU General Public Licence (GPL)ªº«OÅ@¤U, ¦Ó¦b¨ºùØ­±
   ©Ò¦³¶µ¥Ø¦U­­¨î³£¾A¥Î.
   
   ¥i¥H­É¥Ñ±H email ¨ì rhw@bigfoot.com ³sµ¸¨ì§@ªÌ.  
   [ªþµù]
   ¥»¤å¥ó¤¤Ä¶ª©ªºÄ¶ªÌ¬O J.S.Lin, r6921068@ms.cc.ntu.edu.tw
   ­Y§Aµo²{¤¤Ä¶ª©¦³ÂÕ»~©Î¦³§ó¦nªºÄ¶ªk,Åwªï¨Ó«H«ü±Ð.